ILE 9 Sepsis & Septic Shock Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• Which statement about delaying treatment in sepsis is true?
• Dalteparin prophylaxis dosing is 5000 units SC q24h; not well studied in which populations?
• Epinephrine's metabolic adverse effects (hyperglycemia, lipolysis) are primarily due to stimulation of which receptor?
• In septic patients with shock and sepsis suspected to be definite or probable, when should antimicrobial therapy be administered?
• What is the purpose of the central venous catheter?
• What is the role of angiotensin II in septic shock therapy?
• Common adverse effects of vasopressin include which of the following?
• Dopamine administration should avoid being given through the same IV line as which of the following?
• What is the standard dosing for famotidine for stress ulcer prophylaxis?
• What is the recommended blood glucose target for all patients with sepsis?
• What is the standard hydrocortisone dosing regimen in septic shock?
• What starting dose is commonly recommended for dobutamine in septic shock when contractility is impaired?
• Fondaparinux dosing and HIT history: which statement is true?
• What is the onset of action for epinephrine when given as an infusion?
• Which of the following is a symptom of post-sepsis syndrome?
• In septic shock, vasopressin may be added as an adjunct vasopressor when MAP remains inadequate despite norepinephrine.
• In septic shock with cardiac dysfunction and persistent hypoperfusion, which therapy is used as an adjunct to norepinephrine?
• Which agent is both a vasopressor and an inotrope?
• Which measures help prevent ischemia from vasopressor therapy?
• Which balanced crystalloid is commonly used for fluid resuscitation?
• What percentage of dobutamine is metabolized to norepinephrine (active)?
• Which administration routes are valid for famotidine in stress ulcer prophylaxis?
• As norepinephrine dose increases, what may happen regarding heart rate?
• Which steroid is preferred for most septic patients?
• For famotidine, what is the adjusted dose when CrCl is 30-59 mL/min?
• Which term describes moderate suspicion for sepsis where sepsis is a possible diagnosis but alt. diagnoses are also likely?
• Dobutamine primarily stimulates which receptor?
• Post-sepsis syndrome risk is higher in patients who had which of the following?
• What is the typical duration of phenylephrine when given IV?
• What is the onset time for intravenous angiotensin II?
• The statement 'Albumin resuscitation is avoided in patients with traumatic brain injury' is true.
• Chlorhexidine is active against which category of viruses?
• What is the standard dosing for enoxaparin for VTE prophylaxis?
• Hydrocortisone improves vascular sensitivity to catecholamines by which mechanism?
• Which storage/handling consideration is recommended for norepinephrine?
• Which of the following are scoring tools used in sepsis assessment?
• Which statement about vasopressin pharmacokinetics is true?
• Stress ulcers in sepsis are most attributable to which combination of factors?
• In septic shock management, epinephrine may be used as which of the following?
• Which statement about the relationship between sepsis and infection is true?
• Phenylephrine is a selective agonist for which receptor?
• Which is a consideration when administering epinephrine?
• Which statement is true about vasopressin's mechanism?
• Which statement about pantoprazole for stress ulcer prophylaxis is correct?
• Which administration detail is true for esomeprazole used for stress ulcer prophylaxis?
• When should fluid resuscitation be administered for sepsis?
• In post-sepsis syndrome, geriatric survivors experience on average how many new limitations in activities of daily living?
• In sepsis where infection is possible and shock is absent, what is the recommended assessment approach?
• What is the antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine at high concentrations?
• Dobutamine in septic shock is best described as:
• Vasopressin should be used with caution in patients with which condition due to risk of angina and myocardial infarction?
• What is the initial dosing and titration plan for angiotensin II?
• What is the initial fluid resuscitation recommendation for sepsis in terms of crystalloids within the first hours?
• What is the usual starting rate for norepinephrine infusion?
• Angiotensin II receptor stimulation results in what?
• Norepinephrine onset and duration characteristics include:
• What device directly measures MAP?
• At less than 5 mcg/kg/min, dopamine primarily stimulates receptors located where?
• In septic shock, corticosteroids are considered when vasopressor dose indicates poor response; which threshold is used?
• Which statement best distinguishes probable sepsis from possible sepsis?
• Which of the following is a consideration when using angiotensin II?
• Chlorhexidine use in patient care has been associated with reductions in which device-associated infection?
• Which statement is NOT a recommended instruction when applying chlorhexidine to the skin?
• Which medications are used as vasopressors and inotropes?
• Post-sepsis syndrome affects up to what percentage of survivors?
• Which happens when beta-2 receptor is stimulated?
• Stimulation of DA (dopamine) receptor leads to what vascular effect?
• Which of the following is an adverse effect of dopamine?
• In which scenario are inotropes added for septic shock patients?
• Which of the following is a symptom of post-sepsis syndrome?
• Compared with norepinephrine, dopamine is associated with:
• Which of the following is an adverse effect of vasopressin therapy?
• Which crystalloid type is preferred for sepsis resuscitation?
• What is a key consideration when stopping corticosteroids in septic shock?
• Under what condition can norepinephrine be administered via a peripheral line?
• Which drug classes are used for stress ulcer prophylaxis in septic patients?
• Where is phenylephrine primarily excreted?
• Two consecutive BG measurements must be ≤ which value to define stability?
• Failure to receive 30 mL/kg of crystalloid within 3 hours of sepsis onset is associated with which of the following?
• What two monitoring requirements do all sepsis patients require?
• What is the onset of action for phenylephrine when given IV?
• Vasopressin may do which of the following to catecholamine response?
• Which definition describes probable sepsis?
• Which statement best defines septic shock?
• Which statement about norepinephrine pharmacokinetics is true?
• Hydrocortisone is thought to have a complementary activity with which vasopressor to improve vascular response?
• For patients with BMI >40, enoxaparin dosing is adjusted by:
• In ICU patients, chlorhexidine has been shown to reduce which complication?
• What are the most common sources of sepsis?
• In sepsis, hyperglycemia can affect the immune system by reducing which function?
• Lansoprazole for stress ulcer prophylaxis is dosed as which of the following?
• What is a major contributor to hemodynamic instability in septic shock?
• Vasopressin's mechanism in acidosis is:
• What combination helps prevent ischemia during vasopressor use?
• What are the limits for peripheral administration of norepinephrine?
• Which of the following is a symptom of post-sepsis syndrome?
• Which statement best describes the MOA of angiotensin II?
• Which statement best describes vasopressin's role in septic shock management?
• Which statement best describes phenylephrine's cardiac effects?
• What is a common oral adverse effect to monitor with chlorhexidine use?
• In enoxaparin prophylaxis, what adjustment is recommended for CrCl <30 mL/min?
• What is the half-life of angiotensin II?
• Which statement best describes the relative sensitivity of bacteria to chlorhexidine?
• Which of the following represents objective goals for sepsis treatment?
• Which statement best differentiates septic shock from sepsis?
• Which of the following is NOT a chlorhexidine bath formulation?
• Which statement about long-term risk is true?
• Definite sepsis is confirmed based on which combination?
• Which statement best describes the mechanism of action of chlorhexidine at high concentrations?
• Albumin resuscitation is avoided in which condition?
• In heart failure with very low ejection fraction, vasopressin may precipitate which complication?
• Activation of the alpha-1 receptor produces which effect?
• In patients who responded to fluids and vasopressors, what is recommended regarding chronic daily steroids?
• Which of the following is a SIRS criterion?
• Which type of sepsis is defined as sepsis confirmed based on history, clinical examination, and diagnostic testing, with alternative diagnoses very unlikely?
• After stability is achieved (two consecutive BG measurements ≤ 180 mg/dL), how often should BG be monitored?
• In which condition might patients require larger doses of alpha agonists, and why?
• Which statement best describes when albumin may be used for fluid resuscitation in sepsis?
• Which pathogens typically take longer to grow in cultures, such as mycobacterium tuberculosis and fungi?
• Chlorhexidine has activity against which pathogens?
• What is a recommended step before initiating vasopressor therapy to reduce risk?
• In terms of metabolism, what percentage of dopamine is metabolized to norepinephrine (active)?
• What is the preferred first-line vasopressor?
• A MAP around 65 mmHg is generally considered adequate for perfusion of which organ?
• Which enzymes metabolize epinephrine?
• In a blood pressure reading like 120/75 (90), what does the number in parentheses represent?
• When sepsis is possible and shock is absent, when should antimicrobial therapy be administered?
• Why is continuous hemodynamic monitoring recommended for sepsis patients?
• Which consideration is noted for dopamine administration?
• Epinephrine may be preferred in which clinical scenario?
• Dopamine in septic shock is best described as:
• Which statement correctly describes the excretion route of dobutamine?
• Which statement correctly states the half-life of dobutamine?
• Which statement is true regarding post-sepsis syndrome symptoms?
• Activation of the beta-1 receptor produces which cardiac effects?
• Which agent is preferred for VTE prophylaxis in patients with a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia?
• Before starting antimicrobial therapy, what should be attempted?
• How much fluid should be given for fluid resuscitation?
• Which of the following is a chlorhexidine formulation?
• Post-sepsis syndrome may lead to new limitations in activities of daily living for geriatric survivors.
• Stimulation of V1 receptor causes what?
• What is the effect of 'stat' or 'now' orders on timely provision of sepsis therapy?
• For suspected sepsis, how many blood culture samples are recommended?
• Which outcome is associated with corticosteroid use in sepsis?
• Which storage/handling precaution is recommended for phenylephrine?
• When sepsis is possible and shock is present, when should antimicrobial therapy be administered?
• Which organs are common sites of ischemia due to vasopressors?
• Dopamine at doses of 5-10 mcg/kg/min primarily causes:
• When should vasopressin be added in septic shock management?
• For patients aged 65 and older, what MAP target is commonly used in sepsis management?
• Which medication is classified as an inotrope?
• What is the standard UFH prophylaxis dose and renal adjustment for CrCl 15-30 mL/min?
• Compared with epinephrine and dopamine, norepinephrine is associated with which of the following?
• In a patient with sepsis, how often should capillary blood glucose be monitored until stability is reached?
• For septic patients with a blood glucose above 180 mg/dL, what is an appropriate management step?
• Which factor is associated with higher risk of post-sepsis syndrome?
• At high doses above 10 mcg/kg/min, dopamine's effect is dominated by which receptor?
• Which scoring system is commonly used to identify sepsis in patients?
• Which statement about ‘unlikely sepsis’?
• What is the purpose of the SOFA score in sepsis management?
• What MAP is targeted when titrating norepinephrine?
• What is the usual starting dose for phenylephrine infusion?
• Dopamine compared with norepinephrine in septic shock is associated with which outcome?
• Norepinephrine MOA?
• What proportion of sepsis survivors are re-hospitalized within 3 months?
• Which statement describes initial fluid bolus calculation for adults with sepsis?
• What triggers the systemic inflammatory response seen in sepsis?
• Which vasopressor, used alone, is listed as an option for septic shock with cardiac dysfunction and persistent hypoperfusion?
• In sepsis without shock, mortality appears to increase after intervals exceeding 3-5 hours from onset.
• What is the main clinical use of procalcitonin levels in sepsis management?
• Sepsis can be caused by which of the following?
• Which crystalloid type is preferred for sepsis resuscitation?
• What is the typical dosing for vasopressin, and is it titrated?
• What is the recommended method to prevent extravasation of vasopressors?
• What does SIRS stand for?
• What is the preferred route for administering phenylephrine when central venous access is available?
• What is the onset of action for dobutamine?
• Which medications are alpha receptor agonists used as vasopressors?
• The risk of mortality from sepsis increases by what percentage for every hour treatment is delayed?
• Weight-based dosing of norepinephrine implies what?
• Which counseling point is recommended when using chlorhexidine skin products?
• In suspected sepsis, when should antibiotics generally be started after recognition?
• What is the maximum maintenance rate after hour 3 for angiotensin II?
• Which practice reduces risk of recurrent hypotension during vasopressor de-escalation?
• Which statement about the pharmacokinetics of angiotensin II is true?
• Which statement best defines sepsis?
• When sepsis is definite/probable and shock is absent, when should antimicrobial therapy be administered?
• When are sequential compression devices used for VTE prophylaxis?
• Which statement about norepinephrine's metabolism is true?
• Which of the following is a non-infectious cause of SIRS?
• In sepsis, an acute increase in the total SOFA score due to infection indicates organ dysfunction by how many points?
• Which stress ulcer prophylaxis agent must be given using granules for NG/OG administration and cannot be opened?
• What is the typical dosing range for an epinephrine infusion to target a MAP of 65?
• Epinephrine can increase lactate levels through stimulation of which receptor?